Example CMD
Command can be run as a user with sudo rights.
1
| ansible-playbook updateubuntu.yml --ask-sudo-pass
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By adding the -k the users ssh password will be promoted for. Use if SSH keys are not set up.
1
| ansible-playbook -k updateubuntu.yml --ask-sudo-pass
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Ad-hoc commands
Note
Action
-a
Module
-m
Escalate privilege
-b
Command
- Doesnt use the shell (Bash/sh)
- Can not use pipes or redirects
1
| ansible all -b -m command -a 'echo "hello" > /root/hello.txt'
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Shell
- Supports pipes and redirects
- Can get messed up by user settings
1
| ansible all -b -m shell -a 'echo "hello" > /root/hello.txt'
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Raw
- Just sends a command over ssh
- Doesn’t need python
1
| ansible all -b -m raw -a 'echo "hello" > /root/hello.txt'
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To remove a file
1
| ansible all -b -m file -a 'path=/root/hello.txt state=abset'
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Syntax
To run an ad hoc command, the command must be framed or have the following syntax.
1
| ansible <host-pattern> \[options\]
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for example. the command should be written as follows.
1
| ansible appserverhostgroup -m <modulename> -a <arguments to the module>
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A single ansible ad hoc command can have multiple options. -m and -a are one amongst them and widely used.
List hosts
1
| ansible all --list-hosts
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Ping hosts
if you do not have SSH key-based authentication
1
| ansible multi -m ping -i ansible_hosts --user=vagrant --ask-pass
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Show host uptime for all
1
| ansible -m raw -a '/usr/bin/uptime' all
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or
1
| ansible all -a 'uptime'
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Restart services
1
| ansible all -b -m service -a 'name=apache2 state=started'
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Check python verison on all hosts
1
| ansible -m shell -a 'python -V' all
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Check free memory
1
| ansible multi -a "free -m" -i inventory.yml
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Create a user
1
| ansible app -m user -a "name=weblogic group=weblogic createhome=yes" -b
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Create a user group
1
| ansible app -s -m group -a "name=weblogic state=present"
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Create a Directory with 755 permission
1
| ansible app -m file -a "path=/opt/oracle state=directory mode=0755" -b
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Create a file with 755 permission
1
| ansible app -m file -a "path=/tmp/testfile state=touch mode=0755"
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Check free disk space
1
| ansible multi -a "df -h"
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Start or stop the service
To Start
1
| ansible multi -s -m service -a "name=httod state=started enabled=yes"
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To Stop
1
| ansible multi -s -m service -a "name=httpd state=stop enabled=yes"
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Install a package using apt command
1
| ansible -i inventory.yml ubuntu -m raw -a "apt install -y ntp"
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or
1
| ansible -i inventory.yml ubuntu -a 'apt install ntp'
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or
1
| ansible -i inventory.yml ubuntu -m apt -a 'name=ntp state=present'
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Install a package using yum command
1
| ansible - ineventory.yml centos -m yum -a "name=httpd state=present"
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Note: Status can = lastest which will update the package to the latest version if it is present, but will also install the package if it is not. To remove the package, the state would = absent
Managing Cron Job and Scheduling
Run the job every 15 minutes
1
2
| ansible multi -s -m cron -a "name='daily-cron-all-servers' minute=*/15
job='/path/to/minute-script.sh'"
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Run the job every four hours
1
2
| ansible multi -s -m cron -a "name='daily-cron-all-servers' hour=4
job='/path/to/hour-script.sh'"
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Enabling a Job to run at system reboot
1
2
| ansible multi -s -m cron -a "name='daily-cron-all-servers' special_time=reboot
job='/path/to/startup-script.sh'"
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Scheduling a Daily job
1
2
| ansible multi -s -m cron -a "name='daily-cron-all-servers' special_time=daily
job='/path/to/daily-script.sh'"
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Scheduling a Weekly job
1
2
| ansible multi -s -m cron -a "name='daily-cron-all-servers' special_time=weekly
job='/path/to/daily-script.sh
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Copy files
1
| ansible all -b -m copy -a 'src=/etc/hosts dest=/etc/hosts'
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Note the source will copy the file on the source client to the servers.
Fetch files
1
| ansible HOST -m fetch -a 'src=/path/to/soruce.txt dest=/home/USER/FOLDER/ flat=yes'
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